Taxation must evolve in order to accompany our society in its efforts to achieve the decarbonisation of the planet and the sustainability of our economies. From the carbon credit market to waste taxes, the concept of ecological taxation has been part of our lives for some years now. What is the purpose of these taxes? Is the state the right actor to manage and allocate this windfall wisely? Taxes or tax credits, punishment or incentive? Does ecological taxation serve to give us a good collective conscience, without changing our behaviour? These are some of the questions that the experts, brought together by the Economics section, will answer during this round table.